¡m¤À¨É¡nOSPF (Open Shortest Path First) | |
*OSPF is available on platforms with an Advanced Edge or Core license.
OSPF¬°Link State Protocol¡ALink¬O«ürouter¦V¥~³sµ²ªº¤¶±¡A¦ÓState¬O«ü¦¹router¤¶±ªº¯S©Ê¤Î©M¨ä¬Û¾Frouter¶¡¤§Ãö«Y¡A
¨ä¤¤³Ì«nªº¡A´N¬O¨âÓ router ¶¡ªº¶ZÂ÷¡C
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¨CÓrouter¦b¦¬¶°¤F¨¬°÷¸ê°T¤§«á¡A´N¥i¥H«Ø¥ß°_¦Û¤vªº¡uºô¸ô¦a¹Ï¡v(Routing Table)¡A¶i¦Óª¾¹Dn©¹þÓ¤è¦V¨«¤~¨ì±o¤F¥Øªº¦a¡C
¨ârouter¶¡ªº¶ZÂ÷§ÚÌ¥i¥ÎMetric (©ÎCost)¨Ó¶q«×¡A¦ÓMetricªº©w¸q¦p¤U¡A
¤]´N¬O»¡¡AÀW¼e¶V¤jªº½u¸ô¨äMetric¶V¤p¡A¥iµø¬°¶ZÂ÷¶Vªñ¡C
¥h¨ì¥Øªººô¬q®É¡AY¦³¦h±ø¸ô¥Ñ¥i¿ï¡A¤]·|¦]Metricªº¤£¦P¡A¦Ó¦brouting¤W¦³µÛ¥ý«á¶¶§Çªº¤£¦P¡C
¬Û¸û©óRIP¯Âºé¥Hhop conut¨Ópºâ¡A¥B¨C±ø¸ô®|¤£¯à¶W¹L15Áûrouterªº¨î¡A
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¦Ó³o¤@¾ãÓ¤j«¬ºô¸ô¥i¥H§â¥¦¬Ý¦¨¤@Ódomain¡A¤]´N¬OOSPF·§©À¤¤ªº¦Ûªv¨t²Î(Autonomous System)¡C
¦ý¦b¸û¤j«¬ªº¦Ûªv¨t²Î¤¤¡A¨äpºâªº³t«×·|¦]n¥æ´«ªº°T®§¹L¦h¡A¾ÉP¦¬ÀĤӺC¡C
¬°¸Ñ¨M¦¹°ÝÃD¡AOSPF±Ä¥Îhierarchical(¼h¯Å¦¡)ªººô¸ô¬[ºc¡A
¥ý¨Ì·Óºô¸ô¥»¨ªº°Ï°ì©Ê¡A±N¤§¹º¤À¬°´XÓ¸û¤pªºArea¡A¦bArea¤º³¡router·|¥æ´«©¼¦¹¶¡§¹¾ã°T®§¡A
¦Ó¦hÓArea¤§¶¡¦A±Ä¥Îsummarization(ºKn)ªº¤è¦¡¨Ó¥æ´«¸ê°T¡C
Area¤º³¡ªºrouter¥s°µIR(Internal Router)¡A
¦Ó¦ì¦b°Ï°ìºô¸ôÃä¬É¡At³d»P¨ä¥¦°Ï°ìºô¸ô¥æ´«ºKn°T®§ªºrouter¥s°µABR(Area Border Router)¡C
¦bOSPFªº©w¸q¤¤¡AArea¤S¤À¬°¥H¤U´XºØ¤£¦PÃþ«¬¡C
- Backbone Area°©·F°Ï°ì
¦bOSPFºô¸ô¤¤¡A¥un¦³¤j©ó¤@ÓªºArea¡A´N¥²»Ý¦³¤@ÓBackbone Area¡A¨C¤@ÓAreaªºABR©ó¦¹°Ï°ì¥æ´«¨ä¥¦°Ï°ìªººKn¡C
¦bXOSªº³W½d¤W¡ABackbone Area¹w³]´N¦s¦b¡A¥BµLªk³Q§R°£©Îקï¡FBackbone Area³Q©w¸q¬°Area 0.0.0.0¡C
- Stub Area¥½µy°Ï°ì
Stub Area¬O¤@ºØ³Ì¥½ºÝªº°Ï°ì¡A¥u©M¤@ÓArea³s±µ(Backbone Area)¡C
¥~³¡ªº¸ô¥Ñ°T®§µLªk¶Ç¤J¦¹Stub Area¡A¥Î¥H´î¤Örouterªº¸ê·½®ø¯Ó¡C
«Ø¥ßStub Areaªº«ü¥O¦p¤U¡C
create ospf area <area-identifier>
configure ospf area <area-identifier> stub [summary | nosummary] stub-default-cost <cost>
- Not-So-Stubby-Areas¦¸¥½µy°Ï°ì
¦¸¥½µy°Ï°ì¸ò¥½µy°Ï°ì«ÜÃþ¦ü¡A¼W¥[¤F¥H¤U¯à¤O¡A
¥]¬A¥~³¡¸ô¥Ñ°T®§¥i¥H¶Ç¤J¦¹°Ï°ì¡A±o¨ìªº¥~³¡¸ô¥Ñ°T®§¥i¦A¶Ç»¼µ¹¨ä¥¦°Ï°ì(¥]§tBackbone Area)¡C
«Ø¥ßNSSAªº«ü¥O¦p¤U¡C
create ospf area <area-identifier>
configure ospf area <area-identifier> nssa [summary | nosummary] stub-default-cost <cost> {translate}
- Normal Area¤@¯ë°Ï°ì
«DBackbone Area¡BStub Area¤ÎNSSAªº°Ï°ì¡C
«Ø¥ßNormal Areaªº«ü¥O¦p¤U¡C(¨ä¹ê´N¬O¤£¦A¥[¤Wstub/nssaµ¥°Ñ¼Æ)
create ospf area <area-identifier>
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- Attach the physical connections.
- Create the VLANS.
- Configure the VLAN IP address
- Add ports, tagged or untagged.
- Enable IP Forwarding.
- Configure the RouterID for each router. (Recommended)
configure ospf routerid [automatic | <router-identifier>] Y±Ä¥Îautomatic¡A«hswitch¤W³Ì¤jªºIP address·|³Q®³¨Ó°µ¬°router-identifier¨Ï¥Î¡C
- Create OSPF Areas as required.
(Area 0.0.0.0 is already pre-configured on the switch.)
create ospf area <area-identifier>
configure ospf area <area-identifier> {Parameter}
- Configure the VLANs for OSPF and associate them with the correct area.
configure ospf add vlan [all | <VLAN-Name>] area <area-identifier> {link-type [Auto | Broadcast | Point-to-point | Passive]}
- Enable OSPF globally on the switch.
enable ospf
§Ú̦^¹LÀY¨Ó¬Ý¬ÝArea»PVLAN¶¡ªºlink-type¡Cconfigure ospf add vlan [all | <VLAN-Name>] area <area-identifier> {link-type [Auto | Broadcast | Point-to-point | Passive]}
¬°¤°»òn¯S§O¨Ó¬Ýlink-type¡H
¨º¬O¦]¬°Advanced Edge license¤Uªºrouter¥u¤ä´©4Óactive OSPF VLAN interface (neighbor)¡F
¦ýY¬Opassive interface¡A«h¨S¦³¨î¡C
©Ò¥HAdvanced Edge licenseªºrouter¥i³z¹L Passive ªº¤è¦¡¨Ó³]©wþ¨ÇVLANn¥[¤JOSPF¡A¦Óþ¨Ç¤S¤£n¡F
³o¼Ë¥i¥H·À¤Ö¦û¥ÎOSPF neighborªº¼Æ¶q¡C
YnקïOSPF¥æ´«°T®§ªº¦UºØ®É¶¡°Ñ¼Æ¡A¥i¥Î¥H¤U«ü¥O¡C(«D¼Ð·Çªº³]©w·|¼vÅTOSPFªº¥i¾a©Ê¡A½Ð¤ÅÀH·Nקï¡I)
configure ospf area <area-identifier> timer <retransmit-interval> <transit-delay> <hello-interval> <dead-interval> {<wait-timer-interval>}
configure ospf virtual-link <router-identifier> <area-identifier> timer <retransmit-interval> <transitdelay> <hello-interval> <dead-interval>
configure ospf vlan [<vlan-name> | all] timer <retransmit-interval> <transit-delay> <hello-interval> <dead-interval> {<wait-timer-interval>}
retransmit-interval¹w³]ȬO5¬í
transit-delay¹w³]ȬO1¬í
hello-interval¹w³]ȬO10¬í
dead-interval¹w³]ȬO40¬í
wait-timer-interval¨S¦³¹w³]È¡CYn³]©w¡A»Ý¤j©óhello-interval¡C
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enable ospf export [bgp | direct | e-bgp | i-bgp | rip | static | isis | isis-level-1 | isis-level-1-external | isis-level-2 | isis-level-2-external] [cost <cost> type [ase-type-1 | ase-type-2] {tag <number>} | <policy-map>]
°±¤î±N¨ä¥¦ºØÃþªº¸ô¥Ñ¾É¤JOSPF¡A¨ä«ü¥O¦p¤U¡C
disable ospf export [bgp | direct | e-bgp | i-bgp | rip | static | isis | isis-level-1| isis-level-1-external | isis-level-2 | isis-level-2-external]
¬d¬ÝOSPF Area°t¸m¡A¨ä«ü¥O¦p¤U¡C
show ospf area {detail | <area-identifier>}
¬d¬ÝOSPF Interface°t¸m¡A¨ä«ü¥O¦p¤U¡C
show ospf interfaces {vlan <vlan-name> | area <area-identifier> | enabled}
¬d¬Ýlink-state database¡A¨ä«ü¥O¦p¤U¡C
show ospf lsdb {detail | stats} {area [<area-identifier> | all]} {{lstype} [<lstype> | all]} {lsid <lsidaddress>{<lsid-mask>}} {routerid <routerid-address> {<routerid-mask>}} {interface[[<ipaddress>{<ip-mask>} | <ipNetmask>] | vlan <vlan-name>]}
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How to Configure OSPF Extreme Network Switch
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If you don't like something, change it.
If you can't change it, change your attitude.
Don't complain!
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